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410 420 430 stainless steel coil sheet plate with small tolerance prices
Description:
Grade 410 is the basic martensitic stainless steel; like most non-stainless steel it can be hardened by a "quench-and-temper" heat treatment. It contains a minimum of 11.5 per cent chromium, just sufficient to give corrosion resistance properties. It achieves maximum corrosion resistance when it has been hardened and tempered and then polished. Grade 410 is a general purpose grade often supplied in the hardened, but still machinable condition, for applications where high strength and moderate heat and corrosion resistance are required.
Martensitic stainless steel are optimised for high hardness, and other properties are to some degree compromised. Fabrication must be by methods that allow for poor weldability and usually the need for a final heat treatment. Corrosion resistance of the martensitic grades is lower than that of the common austenitic grades, and their useful operating temperature range is limited by their loss of ductility at sub- zero temperatures and loss of strength by over-tempering at elevated temperatures.
Grade 410 is usually a bar steel, most commonly only available in Australia when imported for a particular application.
Corrosion Resistance
410 resists dry atmosphere, fresh water, mild alkalies and acids, food, steam and hot gases. It must be hardened for maximum heat and corrosion resistance. Performance is best with a smooth surface finish. This grade has less corrosion resistance than the austenitic grades and also less than 17% chromium ferritic alloys such as Grade 430.
Consult hao Technical Assistance for specific environmental recommendations.
Heat Resistance
Good resistance to scaling up to approximately 650°C, but generally not recommended for use in temperatures between 400 and 580°C, because of the reduction in mechanical properties.
410 stainless steel sheet
Heat Treatment
Full Annealing
815-900°C, slow furnace cool to 600°C and then air cool.
Process Annealing
650-760°C and air cool.
Hardening
Heat to 925-1010°C, followed by quenching in oil or air. Oil quenching is necessary for heavy sections. Temper, generally within the range 200-400°C, to obtain a variety of hardness values and mechanical properties as indicated in the accompanying table.
The tempering range 400-580°C should generally be avoided.
Specified Properties
These properties are specified for bar product in ASTM A276. Similar but not necessarily identical properties are specified for other products such as plate, wire and forgings in their respective specifications.
Composition Specification (%)
| Grade | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | N | |
| 410 | min. max. |
0.08 0.15 |
- 1.00 | - 1.00 | - 0.040 | - 0.030 |
11.5 13.5 |
- | - | - |
Mechanical Properties - typical and specified values
| Tempering Temperature (°C) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength 0.2% Proof(MPa) |
Elongation (% in 50mm) |
Hardness Brinell (HB) |
Impact Charpy V (J) |
| Annealed * | 480 min | 275 min | 16 min | - | - |
| 204 | 1310 | 1000 | 16 | 388 | 30 |
| 316 | 1240 | 960 | 14 | 325 | 36 |
| 427 | 1405 | 950 | 16 | 401 | # |
| 538 | 985 | 730 | 16 | 321 | # |
| 593 | 870 | 675 | 20 | 255 | 39 |
| 650 | 755 | 575 | 23 | 225 | 80 |
|
* Annealed properties are specified for Condition A of ASTM A276, for cold finished bar. # Due to associated low impact resistance this steelhould not be tempered in the range 425-600°C |
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Physical Properties (typical values in the annealed condition)
| Grade | Density (kg/m3) |
Elastic Modulus (GPa) |
Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | Thermal Conductivity |
Specific Heat 0-100°C ( J/kg.K) |
Electrical Resistivity at 20°C (nW.m) |
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|
0-100°C (mm/m/°C) |
0-315°C |
0-538°C (mm/m/°C) |
at 100°C (W/m.K) | at 500°C (W/m.K) | |||||
| 410 | 7700 | 200 | 9.9 | 11.4 | 11.6 | 24.9 | 28.7 | 460 | 570 |
Grade Specification Comparison
| Grade |
UNS No |
Euronorm | Swedish SS | Japanese JIS | |
| No | Name | ||||
| 410 | S41000 | 1.4006 | X12Cr13 | 2302 | SUS410 |
Machining
In the annealed or highly tempered conditions Grade 410 is relatively easily machined, but if hardened to above 30HRC machining becomes more difficult. Free machining Grade 416 (refer to the haosteel Datasheet) is a very readily machined alternative, but with lower corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.
Typical Applications
Bolts, nuts, screws, bushings. Pump and valve parts and shafts. Steam and gas turbine parts. Petroleum fractionating towers. Mine ladder rungs.